Optimizing Multiple Objectives of a Compact Solar PV-T System using the Whale Optimization Algorithm

Abstract

Solar photovoltaic-thermal (PV-T) systems enhance overall efficiency by reducing heat losses at the aperture plane and potentially increasing irradiance per unit area compared to larger prototypes. Despite these benefits, limited research has been dedicated to improving the efficiency of PV-T collectors. This study introduces a novel approach for optimizing hybrid PV-T collectors using the Whale Optimization Algorithm for multi-objective optimization. Quadratic equations describing performance metrics, such as mean electrical and thermal efficiencies, are employed to demonstrate the proposed methodology. The problem is formulated as both a single and multi-objective optimization problem, with the former revealing the conflicting nature of the objectives, thereby justifying the multi-objective approach. Optimal solutions, including parameters such as cooling water flow rate, inlet water temperature, and solar panel tilt angle, are identified and reported. Additionally, sensitivity analysis results are provided to deepen the understanding of the underlying dynamics in the multi-objective optimization process. 

https://doi.org/10.59200/ICONIC.2024.025